REVIEW Multiple forms of cytokinesis in D discoideum

Bruininks, B. M. H. (2013) REVIEW Multiple forms of cytokinesis in D discoideum. Bachelor's Thesis, Biology.

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Abstract

Cell division is an important feature of life, which enables the continuity of a species. In the process of cell division two things need to be accomplished: division of the previously duplicated nuclei (mitosis), and the division of the cell itself (cytokinesis). This review will address four known mechanism by which the social amoebae D. discoideum divides, which contribute to a better understanding of cellular division in general. Up until the late '80's of the previous century cell division was believed to be executed in a quite linear fashion. Cell growth is followed by duplication of the genome, segregation of the nuclei and to finish division, the actual cell itself is cleaved. It was regarded to be a highly conserved process with but only small differences among distant organisms (e.g. unequal division in the baker's yeast S. cerevisiae). However it was shown that D. discoideum is capable of completing cytokinesis by a secondary adhesion dependent mechanism (cytokinesis B) upon dysfunction of the classic adhesion independent form of cytokinesis (cytokinesis A). Two more mechanisms of cellular division were discovered and named cytokinesis C and D. This review will focus on cytokinesis B, although the other mechanisms (A,C,D) will be quickly addressed to enable comparison between the different mechanisms. The SCAR complex, a protein complex involved in the regulation of the actin skeleton within a cell, showed to be of major importance of cytokinesis B. Where myosin II, a non muscle motor protein, is a key player in cytokinesis A. Cytokinesis C is not cell cycle dependent making it a completely different mechanism, which is not in the scope of this review. Finally in cytokinesis D a chemo attractant is responsible for the recruitment of neighboring cells to help with the division, the state of the neighboring cell as well as the distance to the dividing cell showed to be of high importance. Together these mechanisms show the diversity nature has to tackle a single problem like cellular division. Keywords:

Item Type:	Thesis (Bachelor's Thesis)
Degree programme:	Biology
Thesis type:	Bachelor's Thesis
Language:	English
Date Deposited:	15 Feb 2018 07:56
Last Modified:	15 Feb 2018 07:56
URI:	https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/11551

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