Silicon based high performance Anode Materials for Next Generation Li-Ion Batteries

Popsel, Christian (2018) Silicon based high performance Anode Materials for Next Generation Li-Ion Batteries. Research Paper, Nanoscience.

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Abstract

Anodes based on silicon are one of the most promising candidates for the next generation high performance Li-ion batteries, due to Si’s high the- oretical lithium storage capacity of 4200 mAh g−1, which is more than ten times that of currently used graphite based materials. However, upon lithiation, Si exhibits a volume expansion of more than 400%, which leads to severe problems regarding stability and capacity retention, that need to be addressed in order to implement these anodes into real batter- ies. In this work, several promising recent designs, based on nano-sized structures in the range from 0D to 3D, are presented and critically reviewed. While materials mainly consisting of Si exhibit very high capaci- ties, the electrochemically best performing designs tend to be hierarchical compounds. Especially promising are Si/C compounds of low dimensions that form 3D arrays. Often, the active material is integrated into a carbon based network, which provides high electronic conductivity, short Li-ion diffusion pathways and a rigid matrix that can ease the mechanical stress caused by the strong volume change upon lithiation and delithiation. Thus such designs exhibit a high retention of their capacity during many charge/dis-charge cycles as well as at high current densities. Apart from a high capacity and stability during cycling, some important parameters still need to be optimised in order to achieve commercialisation, such as increasing the coulombic efficiency and the areal mass load, as well as simple and cost effective synthesis methods. Despite these remaining issues, Si based anodes are about to emerge from the laboratories into real applications.

Item Type:	Thesis (Research Paper)
Supervisor name:	Blake, G.R.
Degree programme:	Nanoscience
Thesis type:	Research Paper
Language:	English
Date Deposited:	28 May 2018
Last Modified:	29 May 2018 13:42
URI:	https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/17294

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