Broos, Jelle (2019) Diverging Effects of the Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in the Neurodegenerative Disease Multiple Sclerosis. Master's Thesis / Essay, Biology.
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Abstract
In the autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease Multiple Sclerosis (MS), the targeting of myelin sheaths by the immune system together with chronic inflammation affects the brain parenchyma eventually resulting in the degeneration of nerve cells. The pro-inflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) has been linked to MS, where single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TNFR1-encoding gene TNFRSF1A and increased TNF-α content of both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of MS patients are associated with a higher risk and disease severity. In this article, the established contributions of TNF-α to blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, leukocyte transmigration into the brain parenchyma and the differentiation process of oligodendrocyte-precursor cells (OPCs) will be highlighted as they comprise crucial aspects that are affected in MS. In addition, based on the differences between TNF-α receptor signalling (TNFR1 vs TNFR2) during these processes, current clinical therapies and trials will be discussed and compared in an attempt to establish the most suitable TNF-α associated mechanism that may be beneficial to this neuropathology.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Master's Thesis / Essay) |
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| Supervisor name: | Zee, E.A. van der and Eisel, U.L.M. |
| Degree programme: | Biology |
| Thesis type: | Master's Thesis / Essay |
| Language: | English |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Feb 2019 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Mar 2019 10:37 |
| URI: | https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/19154 |
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