Venema, Jens (2021) Current status of mTOR inhibition in cancer therapy. Bachelor's Thesis, Life Science and Technology.
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Abstract
The mTOR pathway is key in transducing several inputs like growth factors, nutrients, oxygen, stress and energy levels determining initiation of cell growth and proliferation. Discovered in 1964, it already showed promising immunosuppressive, antitumour and antifungal effects. mTOR is a PI3K-related kinase and the core-subunit of two complexes, mTOR complex 1 and 2. These two complexes differ in key components, regulators and downstream substrates, but are linked together via a feedback loop. Because mTOR signalling initiates cell growth and proliferation and is hyperactivated in many cancers, mTOR inhibitors are a possible treatment for cancer. First generation mTOR inhibitors like rapamycin and rapamycin analogues (rapalogs) are already FDA approved and used in clinic. There are cases that show great responses to these drugs, but that is not always the case. There are other limitations, like side effects, resistance and the fact that these drugs are cytostatic, not cytotoxic. Second- and third-generation mTOR inhibitors are currently in development, for example, ATP competitive mTOR kinase inhibitors, dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, and rapalink-1. These new drugs do show promising effects, but most are still in the preclinical stage of development.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Bachelor's Thesis) |
|---|---|
| Supervisor name: | Calkhoven, C.F. |
| Degree programme: | Life Science and Technology |
| Thesis type: | Bachelor's Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Jul 2021 10:22 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Jul 2021 10:22 |
| URI: | https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/25016 |
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