The Interplay Between Host Genetics, the Gut Microbiome, and Rheumatoid Arthritis; A Literature Review.

Horton, Daniela (2024) The Interplay Between Host Genetics, the Gut Microbiome, and Rheumatoid Arthritis; A Literature Review. Bachelor's Thesis, Biology.

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Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) burdens approximately 18 million individuals globally, by causing severely debilitating joint inflammation. This literature review aims to comprehensively explore the intricate relationships among host genetics, the gut microbiome GM, and RA pathogenesis. By exploring this interplay in more depth, this review aims to establish a solid foundation of up-to-date insights, propose hypotheses, and identify future research avenues. Host genetics have been found to significantly contribute to RA heritability, with HLA-DRB1 and PTPN22 genes being implicated in contributing genetic predisposition. Furthermore, a bidirectional relationship between the host genetics and GM has been observed and pre-dispositioned individuals show distinct GM compositions compared to healthy individuals, even before the onset of RA. Dysbiosis in the GM, commonly observed in RA patients, may contribute to chronic inflammation and RA disease progression. Specific microbes like Prevotella spp., particularly, P. copri, have been associated with early-RA and disease severity. This highlights the plausible role in RA pathogenesis. These findings illustrate the importance of unraveling the interplay between host genetics, GM, and RA, in its sequential developmental phases. Additional insights, specifically on the oral microbiome and individual contributing factors like epigenetics, diet, and smoking can aid in further elucidating RA pathogenesis.

Item Type:	Thesis (Bachelor's Thesis)
Supervisor name:	Kurilshchikov, A.M.
Degree programme:	Biology
Thesis type:	Bachelor's Thesis
Language:	English
Date Deposited:	01 May 2024 10:56
Last Modified:	01 May 2024 10:56
URI:	https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/32345

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