The Dual Role of TNFRs in Multiple Sclerosis Treatment. Neuroprotection, Therapeutic Strategies, and Future Perspectives

Timmer, Manon (2024) The Dual Role of TNFRs in Multiple Sclerosis Treatment. Neuroprotection, Therapeutic Strategies, and Future Perspectives. Bachelor's Thesis, Biology.

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Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease most prevalent in young adults. MS involves the immune system attacking the central nervous system (CNS), leading to demyelination, axonal damage, and neurodegeneration. Despite extensive research into the disease, the cause of MS remains unknown, however, it is believed that genetic and environmental factors are involved. Current treatment focuses mainly on reducing inflammation, slowing progression, and symptom relief, but none have successfully halted or reversed CNS damage. Studies have shown the effect of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) on MS pathology. TNF-a is a master cytokine that plays a role in inflammation and tissue regeneration. It works through two different receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2, where TNFR1 stimulates inflammation and TNFR2 promotes neuroprotection and cell survival. TNF-a-based clinical trials have shown disappointing results on MS symptoms as a result of TNFR2 blocking. Recent research has demonstrated the potential of TNFR2-specific agonists to promote remyelination and neuroprotection while simultaneously inhibiting TNFR1-mediated damage to the CNS. The role of TNFR2 in regulating Treg cells and oligodendrocyte regeneration further shows its potential in therapeutics and promoting neuroprotection. An understanding of the pleiotropic effects of TNFR1 and TNFR2 could help in the development of new treatments that promote neuroprotection and tissue repair in MS and other inflammatory diseases. This

Item Type:	Thesis (Bachelor's Thesis)
Supervisor name:	Eisel, U.L.M. and Drion, C.M.
Degree programme:	Biology
Thesis type:	Bachelor's Thesis
Language:	English
Date Deposited:	16 Jul 2024 11:41
Last Modified:	16 Jul 2024 11:41
URI:	https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/33425

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