Vugt, B. van (2009) Filoviridae : a minireview and the latest developments in vaccines. Bachelor's Thesis, Biology.
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Abstract
Since their discovery, the Ebola and Marburg virus cause regular outbreaks with lethality in humans ranging from 23-90%, depending on the virus species and strain. They can infect humans through contact with infected body fluids or aerosols. Together they form the Filovirus group, in which Marburg only has one subtype and Ebola has four: Zaïre, Sudan, Reston and Ivory Coast. Filoviruses are non-segmented, enveloped, negative strand RNA viruses within the order of the Mononegavirales. They have a 19 kb genome and are pleomorphic particles which vary greatly in length and shape. It is thought that filoviruses are able to interfere with the host immune response, in particular the interferon response. The viral entry and replication cycle is not fully understood yet. Many receptors are suspected to be involved, but evidence is thin. Marburg and Ebola differ from each other, Ebola produces besides a membrane anchored glycoprotein, also a soluble version and the 3’non coding region of Marburg structurally and functionally differs from Ebola’s. Because of the high virulence and the threat of using these viruses as a bio warfare agent, a vaccine is needed. The goal of this paper is to describe the most recent findings on vaccine development for EBOV and MARV. In particular, what type of vaccines are currently available and what is the mechanism and the effectivity of these vaccines? The latest developments are promising, there are three vaccines that have proven to be effective in non human primates: the use of Ebola or Marburg virus like particles as a vaccine, a panfilovirus vaccine based on a complex adenovirus and a vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine against aerosol infections.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Bachelor's Thesis) |
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| Degree programme: | Biology |
| Thesis type: | Bachelor's Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Feb 2018 07:28 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Feb 2018 07:28 |
| URI: | https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/8510 |
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