Stam, J (2016) Flavonoids, catching up with ACE-inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers to treat Diabetic Nephropathy? Bachelor's Thesis, Biology.
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Abstract
Worldwide, millions of people suffer from diabetes mellitus (DM) and this number is expected to rise in the near future. Despite adequate treatment, complications such as diabetic nephropathy (DN) are still common. DN is commonly treated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi’s) or with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB’s). However, these therapies are not always effective in DN. Particularly in end stage renal disease (ESRD), ACEi’s and ARB’s are less effective and also a large fraction of patients do not respond or do not tolerate these drug classes. Flavonoids are reported as natural compounds found in several dietary products with many similar effects as ACEi’s and ARB’s. Therefore the aim of this review was to compare flavonoids with ACEi’s and ARB’s and to see if flavonoids are a good add-on in the treatment of DN. Several studies have shown that flavonoids have similar effects as ACEi’s and ARB’s in the treatment of DN. They all can reduce proteinuria and prevent from ESRD by similar mechanisms like a reduction of inflammation, a reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a reduction of fibrosis. In specific comparative studies between a flavonoid and an ACEi or an ARB, flavonoids seemed to be at least as effective as ACEi’s and ARB’s. Furthermore, these studies showed that co-administration of a flavonoid with an ACEi or an ARB was more effective than monotherapy with one of the two. This means that co-administration could reduce the amount of people developing ESRD. However, there is not a complete consensus in scientific literature whether pharmacokinetic aspects of flavonoid would be favorable or not, though not many studies are carried out on this specific topic yet. Therefore, flavonoids could still be an important addition to the current therapy against DN when focused on co-administration with ACEi’s or ARB’s.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Bachelor's Thesis) |
|---|---|
| Degree programme: | Biology |
| Thesis type: | Bachelor's Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Feb 2018 08:23 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Feb 2018 08:23 |
| URI: | https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/14323 |
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