Sex differences in addiction: a study of the mesolimbic system, HPA axis and hormonal influences

Stek, Bram (2024) Sex differences in addiction: a study of the mesolimbic system, HPA axis and hormonal influences. Bachelor's Thesis, Biology.

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Abstract

Addiction is a complex condition encompassing psychological, physiological, and social components, characterised by compulsive engagement in rewarding stimuli despite negative consequences. This paper explores the complex interactions between addiction and sex dif- ferences, focusing on hormonal, neuroanatomical, and stress-related influences. Key findings reveal that addiction progression differs between men and women, with females exhibiting faster transitions from substance use to dependency, a phenomenon influenced by hormonal fluctuations such as estradiol (E2). Sex-specific variations in the mesolimbic dopamine sys- tem, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala further highlight the biological underpinnings of addic- tion. Additionally, stress, mediated through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, emerges as a critical factor influencing all phases of addiction, from acquisition to relapse. Despite significant advances, inconsistencies in human studies and limitations in animal models highlight the need for more research into the hormonal and neural mechanisms that drive addiction. These insights emphasise the importance of developing tailored, sex-specific prevention and treatment strategies to address the complexities of addiction effectively.

Item Type:	Thesis (Bachelor's Thesis)
Supervisor name:	Scheurink, A.J.W.
Degree programme:	Biology
Thesis type:	Bachelor's Thesis
Language:	English
Date Deposited:	18 Dec 2024 08:30
Last Modified:	18 Dec 2024 08:30
URI:	https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/34504

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